ISSN: 2456-8090 (online)
DOI: 10.26440/IHRJ/0302.05.521076
MOSTAFA MADMOLI*1, YAGHOOB MADMOLI2, MOHAMMAD MADMOLI3
Cite this article as:
Madmoli M, Madmoli Y, Madmoli M. The Most Important Educational Interventions for Reducing Occupational Stress Among Nurses Working in Health Centres: A Systematic Review Study. Int Healthc Res J. 2019;3(2):50-55. doi: 10.26440/IHRJ/0302.05.521076
Author Affiliations:
Author Details & Corresponding Address:
Mostafa Madmoli
Emergency Medical Technician
Dezful University of Medical Sciences
Dezful, Iran
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Occupational stress is a very common feature of modern life and is increasing and has a bad effect on cardiovascular systems. Today it is known that stress is associated with many physical and mental illnesses or contributes to its development. This systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining The most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses working in health centres.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this systematic review, in order to achieve the goal of the study and to improve the accuracy of its study and its comprehension, this integrated overview study was conducted based on the Broome method. The method is done in the form of three steps in the search of texts, data evaluation and data analysis, So, in the search phase, post-retention studies texts are examined in four stages in terms of inclusion criteria. After obtaining the conditions for entry into the study, the content of the study is evaluated and at the end the analysis of the data was done. It was conducted in English and Persian by searching articles in search engines, sites and authoritative scientific databases Google Scholar, Embase, Researchgate, Sciencedirect, PubMed, Springer. In the first stage, 41 papers were found. Of these, 10 related articles that have been published in the last 20 years have been reviewed.
RESULTS: In this study, ten articles were reviewed that show the positive effect of training on reducing the stress of nurses. One of these studies that was on the nurses in the direction of impact of stress management training program on stress and work-life conflict showed that the stress level in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group. Also, in the intervention group itself, the work stress was reduced compared to before the intervention. The results of the intervention showed that, by reducing work stress, the work-life conflict scores also decreased and there is a significant positive correlation between stress management and work-life conflicts in nurses.
CONCLUSION: Studies have shown that the implementation of work-related stress management training programs can reduce employee stress by increasing the level of employees' knowledge about how to manage occupational stress, how to better manage time and also to modify work interactions to reduce job stress.
KEYWORDS: Occupational stress, Nurses, Health centres
INTRODUCTION
Job stress is the annoying emotional response that occurs in the event of a mismatch between the demands and requirements of a talented job, resources or staffing needs. The importance of stress is not only due to its economic damage, but also its negative effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Today, it has been determined that stress is associated with many physical and psychological illnesses, or in the creation, development and spread of it has a role.1-3 Social and psychological factors not only affect the quality of life, but also often play a role in determining the outcome of coping with a chronic disease.4 Stress along with many illnesses will cause many complications, for example, stress with diabetes will increase blood sugar and further complications of diabetes. Diabetes, a chronic and metabolic disease, has always been interacting with stress.5-11 Complications of diabetes are very common among people with this condition and they will be heavily stressed.12-20
Job stress is one of the most common features of modern life and is increasing and has a bad effect on cardiovascular systems. Nowadays, it is known that stress is associated with many physical and mental illnesses, or in the creation, transformation and Its expansion is contributing, and the next is the human interest in studying stress, the relationship between stress and performance.21-29 Excessive stress impairs performance and reduces the productivity of employees in organizations. Therefore, stress is one of the issues that is being studied in the field of management and organizational behavior, Therefore, organizations in their program pay much attention to the study, control and reduction of stress in the work environment in order to reduce the cost of physical and psychological stress and reduce the productivity of their employees.1 This systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining The most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses working in health centres.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this systematic review using articles published in the last 20 years about the most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses. It was conducted in English and Persian by searching articles in search engines, sites and authoritative scientific databases Google Scholar, Embase, Sciencedirect, PubMed, Springer. In the first stage, 41 papers were found. Of these, 10 related articles that have been published in the last 20 years have been reviewed.
In order to achieve the goal of the study and to improve the accuracy of its study and its comprehension, this integrated overview study was conducted based on the Broome method. The method is done in the form of three steps in the search of texts, data evaluation and data analysis, So, in the search phase, post-retention studies texts are examined in four stages in terms of inclusion criteria. After obtaining the conditions for entry into the study, the content of the study is evaluated and at the end the analysis of the data was done.
The criteria for entry of articles include studies published in Persian and in English, Access to their full text was possible, they were published in the last 20 years and Exit criteria include unnamed and non-scientific studies as well as articles that lacked the full text of the article.
To achieve relevant studies, a wide range of keywords including occupational stress, nurses and health centers was used as a one-to-one search, combined with the method "And" and "OR”.
RESULTS
Job stress is the annoying emotional response that occurs in the event of a mismatch between the demands and requirements of a talented job, resources or staffing needs. The importance of stress is not only due to its economic damage, but also its negative effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Today, it has been determined that stress is associated with many physical and psychological illnesses, or in the creation, development and spread of it has a role.1-3 This systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining the most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses working in health centres.
In the study, the results of the intervention showed that by reducing work stress, the scores of work-life conflict also decreased30, as well as in another study31, in the study of the relationship between work stress and labor conflict - Life, there was a significant positive relationship between work stress and work-life conflict. Also, another study from the32 study on nurses showed that training in the test group caused a significant reduction in the stress score, but in the control group, this difference was not observed. Also, comparing the scores of both groups before and after the intervention showed a significant difference after the intervention, indicating a decrease in the stress level of the subjects in the intervention group. A further study showed that the average stress of legal students who received four weeks of stress relief training received 6.6% of the post-intervention phase and 4.6% at the follow-up stage.33
In another study, the effect of educational program on functional relaxation based on PRESED model on nurses' anxiety was studied. The relaxation techniques applied were used as objective behaviors, which were taught using short-term lectures with questions and answers, group discussions, practice shows and pamphlets. After the end of the seven training sessions, the call was made through a short message for a month and the presence of a coach. Findings of the study after 6 months showed a significant difference between the mean of hidden and obvious anxiety scores in the intervention group compared to the intervention group before intervention.34
In one study, the mean of stress before and one month after intervention in the experimental group showed a significant difference. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean of occupational stress and occupation in the life before, after intervention and intervention in the two groups.35
The study to investigate the effect of critical thinking training on job stress on nurses showed a significant decrease in job stress score in group education students, and these results were also significant in comparison with control group.36
In another study, which was quoted in a study32, in order to investigate the effect of concentration-based exercises and deep breathing exercises to reduce stress symptoms in a nurse, the initiative of this study was to measure serum cortisol levels before and after intervention Was investigated. The results showed that the positive effect of training on the stress level of work in the experimental group and the comparison of the scores of the test group was significant in comparison with the control group.
In one study37, the effect of education on the basis of stress relief model in emergency department and trauma nurses was performed. The results showed that reducing stress due to exposure to stress materials and stressful conditions in the test group. The knowledge and knowledge of nurses in the intervention group also increased a priori and the results of this study were consistent with similar studies in the field of education, occupational stress and nature of nursing in order to reduce stress.38,39
DISCUSSION
Neuropsychiatric pressure as the most important cause of mental, physical and behavioural diseases of human beings has attracted the attention of physicians, psychologists and scientists of behavioural and management sciences. The importance of stress is not only due to its economic damage, but also its negative effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. Job stress is the annoying emotional response that occurs in the event of a mismatch between the demands and requirements of a talented job, resources or staffing needs. This systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining the most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses working in health centres.
Some researchers focus on stress-related work stress in these prominent jobs and some of the individual's individual situation. Regarding the relatively high prevalence of stress and early onset of failure, early diagnosis and control of the condition of the disorder begins and emphasizes. The use of preventive methods, including educational methods, is important in identifying stress in the early stages and coping with it42, And stress management training programs increase the ability of individuals to reduce stress and adapt to stress conditions.43 In recent years, there have been some moves to address the effects of psychological treatments on reducing occupational stress, and some job counsellors, psychologists, psychotherapists, and psychiatrists use counselling techniques in counselling clinics. One of the ways to control stress and anxiety is to teach stress management programs that give people the right ways to deal with stress and ways to overcome it.44,45
Therefore, the use of appropriate instructional theory (as a basis for educational work) helps these people recognize stress symptoms and deal with the first signs of stress.46 According to study30, the use of stress management skills in work life and family life can be assisted with better nurse management time, work stress and fitness, proper diet, the right way to work in the family and the workplace to balance work and life.
CONCLUSION
Studies have shown that the implementation of work-related stress management training programs can reduce employee stress by increasing the level of employees' knowledge about how to manage occupational stress, how to better manage time and also to modify work interactions to reduce job stress.
Acknowledgment: The authors of this article is grateful to all those who have collaborated with me in this article.
REFERENCES
© Mostafa Madmoli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY-NC 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the use is not commercial and the original author(s) and source are cited.